During the Cold War, billions and billions of dollars were used up by both Soviet Union and USA. More and more money was used by arms that the Soviet Union's economy got really affected since 27% of its total gross was going into arms and military. This was one of the many reasons the cold war ended since it paralyzed it’s economy and they could not take it anymore. Also during the Cold War, three more countries went through development in technology and more specifically nuclear weapons/missiles. Including France, Great Britain (Britain Today), and China. MAD Nuclear War Mutually assured destruction, “the complete annihilation of both the attacker and defender” The knowledge that both sides could demolish each other whenever they felt like it, restrained the Soviet Union and the US from making any move. The closest the USSR or otherwise known as Soviet Union (Modern day Russia) and the US came to fighting was in October 1962. The Americans found out Russia were about to possess nuclear weapons in Communist Cuba (Spanish Partido Comunista). And so the US had to take action and fleets of blockade to stop the ship carrying the nuclear weapons to Russia. The US activates the DEFCON (Defence Readiness Condition) and Fidel Castro organizes the troops of the military forces. Castro the politician from Cuba is allies with Russia and still is to this day. Soviet ships nearly attack but receive orders from Moscow to hold their positions. John F Kennedy said at that time, that if the US invade Cuba in the next 10 days nuclear missiles would be launched at the US. And from that point on ,a war would have occurred and demolished entire countries. In 1952 the US was able to create the H-Bomb. It was smaller in size than the Hiroshima bomb but 2500x times more powerful! The Russians were scared and needed to complete with the Americans, so 1 year later they had the same bomb in their hands. In 1953 the world was an extremely dangerous place and literally the Earth could be destroyed if a war began. But it could be possible that the incredible power of these weapons may have stopped a nuclear war at that time. Since America had more money, most of their money went to the development of bombs which was worth it: they were able to produce a nuclear bomb that could travel 6,000 miles. But Russia didn’t have that financial backup therefore they focused on creating larger bombs which is cost effective.
In the 1960’s the Russians put more money into producing more bombs not caring that much about quality. And American made fewer bombs, but higher in quality. They were able to produce the Atlas Bomb; which could travel at an astonishing speed of 16,000mph over 5,000 miles. At this crazy level of competitiveness at 1961 there were enough bombs to destroy the world. Bibliography - MLA FormatSwift, By John. "The Soviet-American Arms Race." History Today. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016.
By 1961, There Were Enough Bombs to Destroy the World. "The Nuclear Arms Race - History Learning Site." History Learning Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. "Nuclear Arms Race." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. "The Cold War." - Nuclear Arms Race. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. "The Cold War." For Kids: Arms Race. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. "Anti-nuclear Protests." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. Https://www.facebook.com/elizabethNBCNews. "Fact Sheet: Who Has Nuclear Weapons, And How Many Do They Have?" NBC News. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. Macias, Amanda. "Nine Nations Have Nukes - Here's How Many Each Country Has." Business Insider. Business Insider, Inc, 17 June 2014. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. "Anti-nuclear Movement." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2016. |
Despite all of this: there was more advanced in nuclear technology. Mobile missile launchers were built, And missiles were placed in silos (Huge things underground that opens at the top and launches missiles) At 1960 the first ever submarine that could carry 16 nuclear missiles; each missile carried 4 nuclear warheads. Therefore meaning there were 64 nuclear warheads on one submarine that could have 64 different targets. The thing that started the Nuclear war race was the Hiroshima bombing in August 1945. The arms race lasted until November 1990 after the signing of the Europe treaty. The Russians used spies to get all the information to make Hydrogen bombs and Nuclear bombs and get all the information possible. The 2 most famous Soviet Union spies were Harry Gold and Klaus Fuchs. The development of the bombs 2 years after the US tested its first detonated Hydrogen bomb on November 1 1952 Enewetak, Pacific Ocean on an island. Anti nuclear protests? Anti nuclear protests started in the U.S as early as 1946, and in 1955 the first meeting was organized to talk about Atomic and Hydrogen bombs. It’s called the Anti Nuclear movement and it’s the social movement that fights or opposes many nuclear technologies which is a threat to the Earth and the human kind. The goal of these protests was nuclear disarmament, it is disarming parts and disconnecting parts to tear the nuclear weapon down. It can't just be thrown or ditched in a hole somewhere because nuclear warheads and bombs cost tons of money to maintain and it could be triggered and explode right under your feet. After a couple of decades since nuclear weapons existed, finally in the 1960’s scientist expressed their concerns and the dangers of creating bigger and stronger nuclear bombs. In the 1970’s large protests spreading around Europe and North America. The largest protest ever regarding nuclear weapons occurred on June 12 1982 when one million civilians faced 10,000 police officers. Who has nuclear weapons now?
All kinds of countries have large amounts of nuclear bombs like China, Israel, Iran, USA, Russia, India, UK, Pakistan etc. In total there are about 16,300 nuclear weapons in 2016. Which is a huge decrease from back in the Cold War where Russia and the US alone had over 30,000. The treaty of New Start (Short for Treaty on measure for the further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms) is a treaty between Russia and US to reduce the amount of nuclear bombs they possess by deconstructing the nuclear missiles and warheads. This treaty usually lasts for 10 years and can it could be extended for 5 years maximum. This treaty provides 18 inspections that are on site for both the US and Russia to make sure their reducing the amount of nuclear weapons because there are still trust issues. There are 2 types of inspections: type 1 and type 2. Type one focuses on non deployed strategic terms and also deployed one's, (State.Gov). In the other hand type 2 focuses on sites with non-deployed strategic systems only. |
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